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Enteric (typhoid) fever

सामान्य स्वास्थ्य जानकारी — यो निदान होइन। आपत्कालमा १०२ मा फोन गर्नुहोस्। सधैं योग्य स्वास्थ्यकर्मीसँग सल्लाह लिनुहोस्।

यो के हो

Enteric (typhoid) fever is an infectious condition assessed by SI.

स्रोत: SI, NLM MedlinePlus, CDC, WHO (paraphrased) · Reference · US CDC · World Health Organization (WHO) · Mayo Clinic · EDCD — Epidemiology & Disease Control Division (Nepal)

लक्षणहरू

Fever that climbs over several days, headache, weakness, stomach pain, loss of appetite, constipation or diarrhoea, sometimes a rose-coloured rash.

स्रोत: SI, NLM MedlinePlus, CDC, WHO (paraphrased) · Reference · US CDC · World Health Organization (WHO) · Mayo Clinic · EDCD — Epidemiology & Disease Control Division (Nepal)

कारण

Salmonella Typhi (and Paratyphi) bacteria from food or water contaminated with faeces.

स्रोत: SI, NLM MedlinePlus, CDC, WHO (paraphrased) · Reference · US CDC · World Health Organization (WHO) · Mayo Clinic · EDCD — Epidemiology & Disease Control Division (Nepal)

कहिले हेरचाह खोज्ने

EMERGENCY, go now: severe or sudden belly pain, vomiting blood, black stools, confusion, very high fever not settling. See a clinician for fever lasting more than 3 days.

स्रोत: SI, NLM MedlinePlus, CDC, WHO (paraphrased) · Reference · US CDC · World Health Organization (WHO) · Mayo Clinic · EDCD — Epidemiology & Disease Control Division (Nepal)

निदान/जाँच

Blood culture taken before antibiotics is the reference test. The Widal test is unreliable on its own.

स्रोत: SI, NLM MedlinePlus, CDC, WHO (paraphrased) · Reference · US CDC · World Health Organization (WHO) · Mayo Clinic · EDCD — Epidemiology & Disease Control Division (Nepal)

हेरचाह र उपचार

Antibiotics chosen by a clinician based on local resistance patterns; finish the full course. Drug-resistant typhoid is increasing in South Asia. No dosing information is given here.

स्रोत: SI, NLM MedlinePlus, CDC, WHO (paraphrased) · Reference · US CDC · World Health Organization (WHO) · Mayo Clinic · EDCD — Epidemiology & Disease Control Division (Nepal)

रोकथाम

Safe drinking water (boil, filter or treat), hand washing, well-cooked food, typhoid conjugate vaccine.

स्रोत: SI, NLM MedlinePlus, CDC, WHO (paraphrased) · Reference · US CDC · World Health Organization (WHO) · Mayo Clinic · EDCD — Epidemiology & Disease Control Division (Nepal)

नेपाल सन्दर्भ

Common in Nepal year round, peaking in the pre-monsoon and monsoon months, especially in the Kathmandu valley and Terai. Typhoid conjugate vaccine was added to Nepal's routine immunisation in 2022.

स्रोत: SI, NLM MedlinePlus, CDC, WHO (paraphrased) · Reference · US CDC · World Health Organization (WHO) · Mayo Clinic · EDCD — Epidemiology & Disease Control Division (Nepal)

क्लिनिकल दिशानिर्देश

WHO typhoid guidance 2018

स्रोत: SI, NLM MedlinePlus, CDC, WHO (paraphrased) · Reference · US CDC · World Health Organization (WHO) · Mayo Clinic · EDCD — Epidemiology & Disease Control Division (Nepal)

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Text: SI summary in its own words (CC BY 4.0) with NLM MedlinePlus public-domain summary; facts checked against WHO fact sheets (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO, paraphrased with attribution) and Mayo Clinic (linked reference only, no text used); ICD-10 and labels from Wikidata (CC0).

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