{"id":"wojciech-jaruzelski","type":"person","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/wojciech-jaruzelski","language":"en","name":"Wojciech Jaruzelski","name_en":"Wojciech Jaruzelski","name_ne":null,"description":"Polish military and political official, leader of the Polish People's Republic from 1981 to 1989","headline":"Polish military and political official, leader of the Polish People's Republic from 1981 to 1989","also_known_as":[],"summary":"Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski was a Polish military general, politician and de facto leader of the Polish People's Republic from 1981 until 1989, serving as a military dictator from 13 December 1981 until 22 July 1983. He was the First Secretary of the Polish United Workers' Party between 1981 and 1989, making him the last leader of the Polish People's Republic. Jaruzelski served as Prime Minister from 1981 to 1985, the Chairman of the Council of State from 1985 to 1989 and briefly as President of Poland from 1989 to 1990, when the office of President was restored after 37 years. He was also the last commander-in-chief of the Polish People's Army, which in 1990 became the Polish Armed Forces.","summary_more":[],"facts":[{"key":"born","label":"Born","values":[{"text":"6 July 1923","date":"1923-07-06"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P569"}},{"key":"birthplace","label":"Place of birth","values":[{"text":"Kurów","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2316"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P19"}},{"key":"died","label":"Died","values":[{"text":"25 May 2014","date":"2014-05-25"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P570"}},{"key":"deathplace","label":"Place of death","values":[{"text":"Warsaw","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P20"}},{"key":"citizenship","label":"Citizenship","values":[{"text":"Poland","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P27"}},{"key":"occupation","label":"Occupation","values":[{"text":"politician","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82955"},{"text":"military personnel","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47064"},{"text":"head of government","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2285706"},{"text":"soldier","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4991371"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P106"}},{"key":"party","label":"Political party","values":[{"text":"Polish United Workers' Party","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q537303"},{"text":"Polish Workers' Party","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q687409"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P102"}},{"key":"education","label":"Education","values":[{"text":"General Staff Academy","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11684719"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P69"}},{"key":"spouse","label":"Spouse","values":[{"text":"Barbara Jaruzelska","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11687351","start":"1960","end":"2014-05-25"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P26"}},{"key":"website","label":"Official website","values":[{"text":"wojciech-jaruzelski.pl","url":"http://www.wojciech-jaruzelski.pl/"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P856"}},{"key":"positions","label":"Positions held","values":[{"text":"President of the Republic of Poland (19 July 1989 – 22 December 1990)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054799","start":"1989-07-19","end":"1990-12-22"},{"text":"First Secretary of the Polish United Workers' Party (18 October 1981 – 29 July 1989)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11710857","start":"1981-10-18","end":"1989-07-29"},{"text":"Prime Minister of Poland (11 February 1981 – 6 November 1985)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259469","start":"1981-02-11","end":"1985-11-06"},{"text":"member of the Sejm of the Polish People's Republic","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113318727"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P39"}},{"key":"awards","label":"Awards","values":[{"text":"Knight of the Order of Polonia Restituta","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15715250"},{"text":"Order of Lenin","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185493"},{"text":"Zhukov Medal","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1986005"},{"text":"Medal \"For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945\"","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278798"},{"text":"Order of the Red Banner","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337463"},{"text":"Commander of the Order of the Crown","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17200714"},{"text":"Order of the October Revolution","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728960"},{"text":"Collar of the Order of Isabella the Catholic‎","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17366068","date":"1989"},{"text":"Order of Karl Marx","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q694401"},{"text":"Medal of the National Education Commission","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11776615"},{"text":"Order of Klement Gottwald","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2660844"},{"text":"Medal of the 10th Anniversary of People's Poland","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6805076"},{"text":"Scharnhorst Order","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q509737"},{"text":"Order of Friendship of Peoples","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583881"},{"text":"Medal \"For the Liberation of Warsaw\"","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q534676"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834#P166"}}],"office":null,"sections":[],"cited":[],"cited_from":null,"videos":[],"last_reviewed":null,"organizations":[],"same_as":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834","http://www.wojciech-jaruzelski.pl/"],"faq":[{"q":"When was Wojciech Jaruzelski born?","a":"Wojciech Jaruzelski was born on 6 July 1923 in Kurów."},{"q":"What positions has Wojciech Jaruzelski held?","a":"Positions held by Wojciech Jaruzelski include: President of the Republic of Poland (1989–1990); First Secretary of the Polish United Workers' Party (1981–1989); Prime Minister of Poland (1981–1985); member of the Sejm of the Polish People's Republic."},{"q":"Where did Wojciech Jaruzelski study?","a":"Wojciech Jaruzelski was educated at General Staff Academy."}],"related":[{"name":"Edward Gierek","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/edward-gierek"},{"name":"Stanisław Kania","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/stanisaw-kania"},{"name":"Mieczysław Rakowski","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/mieczysaw-rakowski"},{"name":"Józef Piłsudski","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/jozef-pisudski"},{"name":"Adam Jerzy Czartoryski","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/adam-jerzy-czartoryski"},{"name":"Aleksandra Dulkiewicz","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/aleksandra-dulkiewicz"},{"name":"Alfred Józef Potocki","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/alfred-jozef-potocki"},{"name":"Bolesław IV the Curly","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/bolesaw-iv-the-curly"},{"name":"Casimir II the Just","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/casimir-ii-the-just"},{"name":"Casimir III the Great","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/casimir-iii-the-great"},{"name":"Edward Śmigły-Rydz","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/edward-smigy-rydz"},{"name":"Jacek Karnowski","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/jacek-karnowski"}],"places_in":[],"nearby":[],"image":{"url":"https://diginpl.com/kb-img/wojciech-jaruzelski-013ced3d12.jpg","width":500,"height":664,"license":"Public domain","credit":"Original: Unknown author Unknown author Derivative work: TharonXX","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gen._Wojciech_Jaruzelski_13_grudnia_1981.JPG"},"sources":[{"label":"Wikipedia (English): Wojciech Jaruzelski","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},{"label":"Wikidata item Q55834","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55834","license":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},{"label":"Image: Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski 13 grudnia 1981.JPG by Original: Unknown author Unknown author Derivative work: TharonXX (Public domain)","url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gen._Wojciech_Jaruzelski_13_grudnia_1981.JPG","license":null}],"license":{"text":"CC BY-SA 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","facts":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},"attribution":"Text from the Wikipedia article Wojciech Jaruzelski, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. This page's text is shared under the same licence. Facts from Wikidata (CC0). Image: Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski 13 grudnia 1981.JPG — Original: Unknown author Unknown author Derivative work: TharonXX, Public domain.","cite":"\"Wojciech Jaruzelski\". DigiNepal. Last updated 1 November 2026. https://diginpl.com/people/wojciech-jaruzelski. Retrieved 9 November 2026.","date_modified":"2026-11-01T09:05:03Z","facts_checked":"2026-11-09","alternates":{"html":"https://diginpl.com/people/wojciech-jaruzelski","en":"https://diginpl.com/people/wojciech-jaruzelski","ne":"https://diginpl.com/people/wojciech-jaruzelski?lang=ne"}}