# Napoleon III

_President of the Second French Republic, Emperor of the Second French Empire and last monarch of France (1808–1873)_

Canonical: https://diginpl.com/people/napoleon-iii
Last updated: 2026-11-04

> Napoleon III was the first president of France from 1848 to 1852 and then Emperor of the French from 1852 until his deposition in 1870. He was the first elected president, second emperor, and the last monarch of France. He established the Second French Empire in 1852, which began a period of rapid industrialization and expansion of infrastructure in France and saw the rise of French influence in geopolitics after several decades of instability. As head of state of France for 22 years, he was the longest-reigning French head of state since the end of the Ancien régime.

## Quick facts

- **Born:** 20 April 1808 ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7721#P569))
- **Place of birth:** Paris ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7721#P19))
- **Died:** 9 January 1873 ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7721#P570))
- **Place of death:** Chislehurst ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7721#P20))
- **Citizenship:** France ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7721#P27))
- **Occupation:** politician; writer; draftsperson; illustrator ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7721#P106))
- **Education:** Waffenplatz Thun ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7721#P69))
- **Spouse:** Eugénie de Montijo ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7721#P26))
- **Positions held:** Emperor of the French (2 December 1852 – 4 September 1870); head of government of France (26 October 1851 – 2 January 1870); President of the French Republic (20 December 1848 – 2 December 1852); French co-prince of Andorra (20 December 1848 – 4 September 1870); Member of the 1848 Constituent Assembly (17 September 1848 – 26 May 1849); Grand Master of the Legion of Honour ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7721#P39))
- **Awards:** Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour; Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece; Knight of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky; Order of Saint Anna, 1st class; Order of the White Eagle; Order of St. Andrew; Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of William; Albert Medal; Order of the Red Eagle 1st Class; Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Joseph; Order of the Redeemer; Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary; Knight of the Order of the Elephant ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7721#P166))

## Questions

**When was Napoleon III born?**  
Napoleon III was born on 20 April 1808 in Paris.

**What positions has Napoleon III held?**  
Positions held by Napoleon III include: Emperor of the French (1852–1870); head of government of France (1851–1870); President of the French Republic (1848–1852); French co-prince of Andorra (1848–1870); Member of the 1848 Constituent Assembly (1848–1849).

**Where did Napoleon III study?**  
Napoleon III was educated at Waffenplatz Thun.

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## Sources

- [Wikipedia (English): Napoleon III](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleon_III) — [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)
- [Wikipedia (Nepali): नेपोलियन तृतीय](https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF) — [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)
- [Wikidata item Q7721](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7721) — [CC0 1.0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/)
- [Image: Napoleon III by Mayer & Pierson c1860 (cropped).png by Mayer & Peirson, France (Public domain)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Napoleon_III_by_Mayer_%26_Pierson_c1860_(cropped).png)

## Licence and attribution

Text from the Wikipedia article Napoleon III, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. This page's text is shared under the same licence. Facts from Wikidata (CC0). Image: Napoleon III by Mayer & Pierson c1860 (cropped).png — Mayer & Peirson, France, Public domain.

## Cite this page

"Napoleon III". DigiNepal. Last updated 4 November 2026. https://diginpl.com/people/napoleon-iii. Retrieved 5 November 2026.