{"id":"muhammad-ii-ibn-mahmud","type":"person","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/muhammad-ii-ibn-mahmud","language":"en","name":"Muhammad II ibn Mahmud","name_en":"Muhammad II ibn Mahmud","name_ne":null,"description":"Seljuk sultan","headline":"Seljuk sultan","also_known_as":[],"summary":"Rukn al-Din Muhammad II ibn Mahmud (1128–1159) was Sultan of Seljuq Empire from 1153 to 1159. He was son of Mahmud II and brother of Malik-Shah III. The Cambridge History of Iran notes that Sultan Muhammad \"tried energetically to restore the slipping authority of his dynasty in Iraq\".","summary_more":[],"facts":[{"key":"born","label":"Born","values":[{"text":"1128","date":"1128"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11937804#P569"}},{"key":"died","label":"Died","values":[{"text":"1159","date":"1159"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11937804#P570"}},{"key":"deathplace","label":"Place of death","values":[{"text":"Hamadan","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28587"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11937804#P20"}},{"key":"citizenship","label":"Citizenship","values":[{"text":"Seljuk Empire","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3708094"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11937804#P27"}},{"key":"positions","label":"Positions held","values":[{"text":"Sultan of the Seljuq Empire (1153–1159)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28477721","start":"1153","end":"1159"},{"text":"shah","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184299"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11937804#P39"}}],"office":null,"sections":[],"cited":[],"cited_from":null,"videos":[],"last_reviewed":null,"organizations":[],"same_as":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_II_ibn_Mahmud","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11937804"],"faq":[{"q":"When was Muhammad II ibn Mahmud born?","a":"Muhammad II ibn Mahmud was born on 1128."},{"q":"What positions has Muhammad II ibn Mahmud held?","a":"Positions held by Muhammad II ibn Mahmud include: Sultan of the Seljuq Empire (1153–1159); shah."}],"related":[{"name":"Safi of Persia","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/safi-of-persia"},{"name":"Lotf Ali Khan","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/lotf-ali-khan"},{"name":"Reza Shah","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/reza-shah"},{"name":"Mahmud Hotak","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/mahmud-hotak"},{"name":"Mohammad Reza Pahlavi","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/mohammad-reza-pahlavi"},{"name":"Naser al-Din Shah Qajar","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/naser-al-din-shah-qajar"}],"places_in":[],"nearby":[],"image":{"url":"https://diginpl.com/kb-img/muhammad-ii-ibn-mahmud-7bdf609a97.jpg","width":500,"height":686,"license":"Public domain","credit":"1314 artist","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seljuk_Sultan_of_Iraq,_Muhammad_b._Mahmud,_sitting_on_his_throne._Topkap%C4%B1_Saray%C4%B1_M%C3%BCzesi_1653-3_(322_B).jpg"},"sources":[{"label":"Wikipedia (English): Muhammad II ibn Mahmud","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_II_ibn_Mahmud","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},{"label":"Wikidata item Q11937804","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11937804","license":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},{"label":"Image: Seljuk Sultan of Iraq, Muhammad b. Mahmud, sitting on his throne. Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi 1653-3 (322 B).jpg by 1314 artist (Public domain)","url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seljuk_Sultan_of_Iraq,_Muhammad_b._Mahmud,_sitting_on_his_throne._Topkap%C4%B1_Saray%C4%B1_M%C3%BCzesi_1653-3_(322_B).jpg","license":null}],"license":{"text":"CC BY-SA 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","facts":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},"attribution":"Text from the Wikipedia article Muhammad II ibn Mahmud, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. This page's text is shared under the same licence. Facts from Wikidata (CC0). Image: Seljuk Sultan of Iraq, Muhammad b. Mahmud, sitting on his throne. Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi 1653-3 (322 B).jpg — 1314 artist, Public domain.","cite":"\"Muhammad II ibn Mahmud\". DigiNepal. Last updated 7 November 2026. https://diginpl.com/people/muhammad-ii-ibn-mahmud. Retrieved 7 November 2026.","date_modified":"2026-11-07T06:45:13Z","facts_checked":"2026-11-07","alternates":{"html":"https://diginpl.com/people/muhammad-ii-ibn-mahmud","en":"https://diginpl.com/people/muhammad-ii-ibn-mahmud","ne":null}}