{"id":"leonhard-euler","type":"person","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/leonhard-euler","language":"en","name":"Leonhard Euler","name_en":"Leonhard Euler","name_ne":null,"description":"Swiss mathematician, physicist, and engineer (1707–1783)","headline":"Swiss mathematician, physicist, and engineer (1707–1783)","also_known_as":[],"summary":"Leonhard Euler ( OY-lər; 15 April 1707 – 18 September 1783) was a Swiss polymath who was active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, logician, geographer, music theorist and engineer. He founded the studies of graph theory and topology and made influential discoveries in many other branches of mathematics, such as analytic number theory, complex analysis, and infinitesimal calculus. He also introduced much of modern mathematical terminology and notation, including the notion of a mathematical function. He is known for his work in mechanics, fluid dynamics, optics, astronomy, and music theory. Euler has been called a \"universal genius\" who \"was fully equipped with almost unlimited powers of imagination, intellectual gifts and extraordinary memory\". He spent most of his adult life in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and in Berlin, then the capital of Prussia.","summary_more":["Euler is credited for popularizing the Greek letter","π","{\\displaystyle \\pi }","(lowercase pi) to denote the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, as well as first using the notation"],"facts":[{"key":"born","label":"Born","values":[{"text":"15 April 1707","date":"1707-04-15"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604#P569"}},{"key":"birthplace","label":"Place of birth","values":[{"text":"Basel","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q78"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604#P19"}},{"key":"died","label":"Died","values":[{"text":"18 September 1783","date":"1783-09-18"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604#P570"}},{"key":"deathplace","label":"Place of death","values":[{"text":"Saint Petersburg","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q656"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604#P20"}},{"key":"citizenship","label":"Citizenship","values":[{"text":"Old Swiss Confederacy","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q435583"},{"text":"Russian Empire","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34266"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604#P27"}},{"key":"occupation","label":"Occupation","values":[{"text":"mathematician","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170790"},{"text":"physicist","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169470"},{"text":"university teacher","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622272"},{"text":"writer","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36180"},{"text":"music theorist","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16031530"},{"text":"astronomer","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11063"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604#P106"}},{"key":"education","label":"Education","values":[{"text":"University of Basel","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372608","start":"1720"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604#P69"}},{"key":"spouse","label":"Spouse","values":[{"text":"Salomea Abigail Euler","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37187641","start":"1776"},{"text":"Katharina Euler","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37186749","start":"1734","end":"1773"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604#P26"}},{"key":"positions","label":"Positions held","values":[{"text":"professor (since 1766)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121594","start":"1766"},{"text":"professor (1731–1741)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121594","start":"1731-01-22","end":"1741"},{"text":"adjunct (1727–1730)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107540029","start":"1727","end":"1730"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604#P39"}}],"office":null,"sections":[],"cited":[],"cited_from":null,"videos":[],"last_reviewed":null,"organizations":[],"same_as":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604"],"faq":[{"q":"When was Leonhard Euler born?","a":"Leonhard Euler was born on 15 April 1707 in Basel."},{"q":"What positions has Leonhard Euler held?","a":"Positions held by Leonhard Euler include: professor (since 1766); professor (1731–1741); adjunct (1727–1730)."},{"q":"Where did Leonhard Euler study?","a":"Leonhard Euler was educated at University of Basel."}],"related":[{"name":"Alexander Graham Bell","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/alexander-graham-bell"},{"name":"C. K. Prahalad","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/c-k-prahalad"},{"name":"Nazar Al Baharna","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/nazar-al-baharna"},{"name":"Arjun Narasingha KC","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/arjun-narasingha-kc"},{"name":"Masatoshi Koshiba","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/masatoshi-koshiba"},{"name":"Rolf M. Zinkernagel","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/rolf-m-zinkernagel"}],"places_in":[],"nearby":[],"image":{"url":"https://diginpl.com/kb-img/leonhard-euler-73412008dc.jpg","width":500,"height":646,"license":"Public domain","credit":"Jakob Emanuel Handmann","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leonhard_Euler_-_Jakob_Emanuel_Handmann_(Kunstmuseum_Basel).jpg"},"sources":[{"label":"Wikipedia (English): Leonhard Euler","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},{"label":"Wikidata item Q7604","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604","license":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},{"label":"Image: Leonhard Euler - Jakob Emanuel Handmann (Kunstmuseum Basel).jpg by Jakob Emanuel Handmann (Public domain)","url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leonhard_Euler_-_Jakob_Emanuel_Handmann_(Kunstmuseum_Basel).jpg","license":null}],"license":{"text":"CC BY-SA 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","facts":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},"attribution":"Text from the Wikipedia article Leonhard Euler, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. This page's text is shared under the same licence. Facts from Wikidata (CC0). Image: Leonhard Euler - Jakob Emanuel Handmann (Kunstmuseum Basel).jpg — Jakob Emanuel Handmann, Public domain.","cite":"\"Leonhard Euler\". DigiNepal. Last updated 31 October 2026. https://diginpl.com/people/leonhard-euler. Retrieved 5 November 2026.","date_modified":"2026-10-31T14:28:19Z","facts_checked":"2026-11-05","alternates":{"html":"https://diginpl.com/people/leonhard-euler","en":"https://diginpl.com/people/leonhard-euler","ne":"https://diginpl.com/people/leonhard-euler?lang=ne"}}