{"id":"irving-langmuir","type":"person","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/irving-langmuir","language":"en","name":"Irving Langmuir","name_en":"Irving Langmuir","name_ne":null,"description":"American chemist and physicist (1881–1957)","headline":"American chemist and physicist (1881–1957)","also_known_as":[],"summary":"Irving Langmuir (; January 31, 1881 – August 16, 1957) was an American chemist, physicist, and metallurgical engineer. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1932 for his work in surface chemistry.","summary_more":["Langmuir's most famous publication is the 1919 article \"The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms and Molecules\" in which, building on Gilbert N. Lewis's cubical atom theory and Walther Kossel's chemical bonding theory, he outlined his \"concentric theory of atomic structure\". Langmuir became embroiled in a priority dispute with Lewis over this work; Langmuir's presentation skills were largely responsible for the popularization of the theory, although the credit for the theory itself belongs mostly to Lewis. While at General Electric from 1909 to 1950, Langmuir advanced several fields of physics and chemistry, inventing the gas-filled incandescent lamp and the hydrogen welding technique. The Langmuir Laboratory for Atmospheric Research near Socorro, New Mexico, was named in his honor, as was the American Chemical Society journal for surface science called Langmuir."],"facts":[{"key":"born","label":"Born","values":[{"text":"31 January 1881","date":"1881-01-31"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184286#P569"}},{"key":"birthplace","label":"Place of birth","values":[{"text":"Brooklyn","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18419"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184286#P19"}},{"key":"died","label":"Died","values":[{"text":"16 August 1957","date":"1957-08-16"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184286#P570"}},{"key":"deathplace","label":"Place of death","values":[{"text":"Woods Hole","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747172"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184286#P20"}},{"key":"citizenship","label":"Citizenship","values":[{"text":"United States","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184286#P27"}},{"key":"occupation","label":"Occupation","values":[{"text":"physicist","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169470"},{"text":"chemist","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593644"},{"text":"academic","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3400985"},{"text":"meteorologist","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2310145"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184286#P106"}},{"key":"education","label":"Education","values":[{"text":"University of Göttingen","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152838"},{"text":"Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5149833"},{"text":"Chestnut Hill Academy","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5093943"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184286#P69"}},{"key":"awards","label":"Awards","values":[{"text":"William H. Nichols Medal","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25324505","date":"1915"},{"text":"Hughes Medal","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844872","date":"1918"},{"text":"Rumford Prize","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2096481","date":"1920"},{"text":"Perkin Medal","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385301","date":"1928"},{"text":"Willard Gibbs Award","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902788","date":"1930"},{"text":"Nobel Prize in Chemistry","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44585","date":"1932"},{"text":"Holley Medal","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21531768","date":"1934"},{"text":"Franklin Medal","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3141777","date":"1934"},{"text":"Foreign Member of the Royal Society","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14906020","date":"1935-06-27"},{"text":"John Scott Award","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3332215","date":"1937"},{"text":"Faraday Lectureship Prize","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1994574","date":"1939"},{"text":"Faraday Medal","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1396110","date":"1944"},{"text":"John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6240976","date":"1950"},{"text":"National Inventors Hall of Fame","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366018","date":"1989"},{"text":"Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52382875"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184286#P166"}}],"office":null,"sections":[],"cited":[],"cited_from":null,"videos":[],"last_reviewed":null,"organizations":[],"same_as":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irving_Langmuir","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184286"],"faq":[{"q":"When was Irving Langmuir born?","a":"Irving Langmuir was born on 31 January 1881 in Brooklyn."},{"q":"Where did Irving Langmuir study?","a":"Irving Langmuir was educated at University of Göttingen, Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, Chestnut Hill Academy."}],"related":[{"name":"Ahmed Zewail","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/ahmed-zewail"},{"name":"Aziz Sancar","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/aziz-sancar"},{"name":"Frances Arnold","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/frances-arnold"},{"name":"Glenn T. Seaborg","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/glenn-t-seaborg"},{"name":"Harold Urey","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/harold-urey"},{"name":"Jennifer Doudna","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/jennifer-doudna"},{"name":"Linus Pauling","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/linus-pauling"},{"name":"Peter Debye","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/peter-debye"},{"name":"Venki Ramakrishnan","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/venki-ramakrishnan"}],"places_in":[],"nearby":[],"image":{"url":"https://diginpl.com/kb-img/irving-langmuir-eb3b322a9f.jpg","width":500,"height":662,"license":"Public domain","credit":"Unknown author Unknown author","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Irving_Langmuir.jpg"},"sources":[{"label":"Wikipedia (English): Irving Langmuir","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irving_Langmuir","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},{"label":"Wikidata item Q184286","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184286","license":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},{"label":"Image: Irving Langmuir.jpg by Unknown author Unknown author (Public domain)","url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Irving_Langmuir.jpg","license":null}],"license":{"text":"CC BY-SA 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","facts":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},"attribution":"Text from the Wikipedia article Irving Langmuir, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. This page's text is shared under the same licence. Facts from Wikidata (CC0). Image: Irving Langmuir.jpg — Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain.","cite":"\"Irving Langmuir\". DigiNepal. Last updated 1 November 2026. https://diginpl.com/people/irving-langmuir. Retrieved 4 November 2026.","date_modified":"2026-11-01T06:59:19Z","facts_checked":"2026-11-04","alternates":{"html":"https://diginpl.com/people/irving-langmuir","en":"https://diginpl.com/people/irving-langmuir","ne":"https://diginpl.com/people/irving-langmuir?lang=ne"}}