{"id":"hendrik-lorentz","type":"person","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/hendrik-lorentz","language":"en","name":"Hendrik Lorentz","name_en":"Hendrik Lorentz","name_ne":null,"description":"Dutch physicist (1853–1928)","headline":"Dutch physicist (1853–1928)","also_known_as":[],"summary":"Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (18 July 1853 – 4 February 1928) was a Dutch theoretical physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Pieter Zeeman for their discovery and theoretical explanation of the Zeeman effect. He derived the Lorentz transformation of the special theory of relativity, as well as the Lorentz force, which describes the force acting on a charged particle in an electromagnetic field. He was also responsible for the Lorentz oscillator model, a classical model used to describe the anomalous dispersion observed in dielectric materials when the driving frequency of the electric field was near the resonant frequency of the material, resulting in abnormal refractive indices.","summary_more":["Lorentz received many other honors and distinctions, including a term as Chairman of the International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation, the forerunner of UNESCO, from 1925 until his death in 1928."],"facts":[{"key":"born","label":"Born","values":[{"text":"18 July 1853","date":"1853-07-18"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41688#P569"}},{"key":"birthplace","label":"Place of birth","values":[{"text":"Arnhem","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1310"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41688#P19"}},{"key":"died","label":"Died","values":[{"text":"4 February 1928","date":"1928-02-04"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41688#P570"}},{"key":"deathplace","label":"Place of death","values":[{"text":"Haarlem","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9920"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41688#P20"}},{"key":"citizenship","label":"Citizenship","values":[{"text":"Kingdom of the Netherlands","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29999"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41688#P27"}},{"key":"occupation","label":"Occupation","values":[{"text":"theoretical physicist","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19350898"},{"text":"physicist","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169470"},{"text":"mathematician","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170790"},{"text":"botanist","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374149"},{"text":"university teacher","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622272"},{"text":"curator","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674426"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41688#P106"}},{"key":"education","label":"Education","values":[{"text":"Leiden University","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156598","start":"1870","end":"1875"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41688#P69"}},{"key":"spouse","label":"Spouse","values":[{"text":"Aletta Lorentz-Kaiser","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29044080"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41688#P26"}},{"key":"positions","label":"Positions held","values":[{"text":"rector magnificus of Leiden University (1899–1900)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20968836","start":"1899","end":"1900"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41688#P39"}},{"key":"awards","label":"Awards","values":[{"text":"Nobel Prize in Physics","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38104","date":"1902"},{"text":"Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts order","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15056034","date":"1908"},{"text":"Copley Medal","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28003","date":"1918"},{"text":"Rumford Medal","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285167","date":"1908"},{"text":"Franklin Medal","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3141777","date":"1917"},{"text":"Foreign Member of the Royal Society","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14906020","date":"1905-05-11"},{"text":"Commander of the Order of Orange-Nassau","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1861904"},{"text":"Honorary doctor of Leiden University","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97556388","date":"1900"},{"text":"Echegaray Medal","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43431094","date":"1925"},{"text":"Knight of the Legion of Honour","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10855271"},{"text":"Knight of the Order of the Netherlands Lion","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1818405"},{"text":"doctor honoris causa from the University of Paris","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126418747","date":"1924"},{"text":"honorary member of the Physics Association (Frankfurt am Main, Germany)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134613391","date":"1911"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41688#P166"}}],"office":null,"sections":[],"cited":[],"cited_from":null,"videos":[],"last_reviewed":null,"organizations":[],"same_as":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hendrik_Lorentz","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41688"],"faq":[{"q":"When was Hendrik Lorentz born?","a":"Hendrik Lorentz was born on 18 July 1853 in Arnhem."},{"q":"What positions has Hendrik Lorentz held?","a":"Positions held by Hendrik Lorentz include: rector magnificus of Leiden University (1899–1900)."},{"q":"Where did Hendrik Lorentz study?","a":"Hendrik Lorentz was educated at Leiden University."}],"related":[{"name":"Heike Kamerlingh Onnes","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/heike-kamerlingh-onnes"},{"name":"Willem Einthoven","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/willem-einthoven"},{"name":"Johannes Diderik van der Waals","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/johannes-diderik-van-der-waals"},{"name":"Pieter Zeeman","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/pieter-zeeman"},{"name":"Albert A. Michelson","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/albert-a-michelson"},{"name":"Enrico Fermi","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/enrico-fermi"},{"name":"Erwin Schrödinger","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/erwin-schrodinger"},{"name":"Eugene Wigner","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/eugene-wigner"},{"name":"Henri Becquerel","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/henri-becquerel"},{"name":"J. J. Thomson","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/j-j-thomson"},{"name":"James Chadwick","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/james-chadwick"},{"name":"K. Ferdinand Braun","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/k-ferdinand-braun"}],"places_in":[],"nearby":[],"image":{"url":"https://diginpl.com/kb-img/hendrik-lorentz-dca0f0f585.jpg","width":500,"height":692,"license":"PDM-owner","credit":"Unknown author Unknown author","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nobelprijswinnaars._H.A._Lorentz_(cropped).jpg"},"sources":[{"label":"Wikipedia (English): Hendrik Lorentz","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hendrik_Lorentz","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},{"label":"Wikidata item Q41688","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41688","license":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},{"label":"Image: Nobelprijswinnaars. H.A. Lorentz (cropped).jpg by Unknown author Unknown author (PDM-owner)","url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nobelprijswinnaars._H.A._Lorentz_(cropped).jpg","license":null}],"license":{"text":"CC BY-SA 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","facts":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},"attribution":"Text from the Wikipedia article Hendrik Lorentz, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. This page's text is shared under the same licence. Facts from Wikidata (CC0). Image: Nobelprijswinnaars. H.A. Lorentz (cropped).jpg — Unknown author Unknown author, PDM-owner.","cite":"\"Hendrik Lorentz\". DigiNepal. Last updated 31 October 2026. https://diginpl.com/people/hendrik-lorentz. Retrieved 5 November 2026.","date_modified":"2026-10-31T14:28:19Z","facts_checked":"2026-11-05","alternates":{"html":"https://diginpl.com/people/hendrik-lorentz","en":"https://diginpl.com/people/hendrik-lorentz","ne":"https://diginpl.com/people/hendrik-lorentz?lang=ne"}}