{"id":"guillermo-endara","type":"person","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/guillermo-endara","language":"en","name":"Guillermo Endara","name_en":"Guillermo Endara","name_ne":null,"description":"President of Panama (1936-2009)","headline":"President of Panama (1936-2009)","also_known_as":[],"summary":"Guillermo David Endara Galimany (May 12, 1936 – September 28, 2009) was a Panamanian politician who served as the president of Panama from 1989 to 1994.","summary_more":["Raised in a family allied to Panameñista Party founder Arnulfo Arias, Endara attended school in exile in the United States and Argentina following Arias's removal from power in 1941. Endara later received a law degree in Panama and subsequently served as a member of Panama's National Assembly, and briefly as a government minister before heading into exile again following Arias' third overthrow in 1968.","After Arias' death in 1988, Endara became a leading opponent of the Manuel Noriega military dictatorship, heading the opposition coalition in the 1989 presidential election. Though his coalition was judged by international observers as having defeated pro-Noriega candidate Carlos Duque, the results were annulled by the government, and Endara and his running mates were attacked in the streets by the paramilitary Dignity Battalions. The assaults received widespread coverage in international media, helping to build support within the U.S. for military action against Noriega. Seven months later, the United States invaded Panama. Endara was sworn in as the new president on the first night of the invasion on a U.S. military base.","During his presidency, Endara abolished the Panamanian military and replaced it with a national police force. Endara's term saw steady economic growth and a return of democratic institutions, but also high unemployment rates. His administration was marked by internal fighting, and his popularity plummeted. He was succeeded by opposition candidate Ernesto Pérez Balladares in 1994.","Endara ran for office again in 2004 and 2009, but lost to Democratic Revolutionary Party candidate Martín Torrijos and to independent candidate Ricardo Martinelli. He died of a heart attack in September 2009, several…"],"facts":[{"key":"born","label":"Born","values":[{"text":"12 May 1936","date":"1936-05-12"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831#P569"}},{"key":"birthplace","label":"Place of birth","values":[{"text":"Panama City","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3306"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831#P19"}},{"key":"died","label":"Died","values":[{"text":"28 September 2009","date":"2009-09-28"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831#P570"}},{"key":"deathplace","label":"Place of death","values":[{"text":"Panama City","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3306"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831#P20"}},{"key":"citizenship","label":"Citizenship","values":[{"text":"Panama","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831#P27"}},{"key":"occupation","label":"Occupation","values":[{"text":"politician","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82955"},{"text":"lawyer","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40348"},{"text":"jurist","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185351"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831#P106"}},{"key":"party","label":"Political party","values":[{"text":"Moral Vanguard of the Fatherland (2004–2009)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6909088","start":"2004","end":"2009"},{"text":"Panameñista Party (until 2004)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628468","end":"2004"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831#P102"}},{"key":"education","label":"Education","values":[{"text":"New York University","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49210"},{"text":"Black-Foxe Military Institute","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4920058"},{"text":"University of Panama","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7896059"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831#P69"}},{"key":"spouse","label":"Spouse","values":[{"text":"Ana Mae Diaz","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4750409"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831#P26"}},{"key":"positions","label":"Positions held","values":[{"text":"President of Panama (20 December 1989 – 1 September 1994)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q886965","start":"1989-12-20","end":"1994-09-01"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831#P39"}}],"office":null,"sections":[],"cited":[],"cited_from":null,"videos":[],"last_reviewed":null,"organizations":[],"same_as":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831"],"faq":[{"q":"When was Guillermo Endara born?","a":"Guillermo Endara was born on 12 May 1936 in Panama City."},{"q":"What positions has Guillermo Endara held?","a":"Positions held by Guillermo Endara include: President of Panama (1989–1994)."},{"q":"Where did Guillermo Endara study?","a":"Guillermo Endara was educated at New York University, Black-Foxe Military Institute, University of Panama."}],"related":[{"name":"Ezequiel Fernández","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/ezequiel-fernandez"},{"name":"Rodolfo Chiari","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/rodolfo-chiari"},{"name":"Eric Arturo Delvalle","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/eric-arturo-delvalle"},{"name":"Martín Torrijos","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/martin-torrijos"},{"name":"Federico Boyd","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/federico-boyd"},{"name":"Enrique Adolfo Jiménez","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/enrique-adolfo-jimenez"}],"places_in":[],"nearby":[],"image":{"url":"https://diginpl.com/kb-img/guillermo-endara-1d52bc1ee9.jpg","width":294,"height":404,"license":"Public domain","credit":"White House Photo","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillermo_Endara_1993.jpg"},"sources":[{"label":"Wikipedia (English): Guillermo Endara","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},{"label":"Wikidata item Q443831","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831","license":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},{"label":"Image: Guillermo Endara 1993.jpg by White House Photo (Public domain)","url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillermo_Endara_1993.jpg","license":null}],"license":{"text":"CC BY-SA 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","facts":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},"attribution":"Text from the Wikipedia article Guillermo Endara, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. This page's text is shared under the same licence. Facts from Wikidata (CC0). Image: Guillermo Endara 1993.jpg — White House Photo, Public domain.","cite":"\"Guillermo Endara\". DigiNepal. Last updated 31 October 2026. https://diginpl.com/people/guillermo-endara. Retrieved 8 November 2026.","date_modified":"2026-10-31T13:59:50Z","facts_checked":"2026-11-08","alternates":{"html":"https://diginpl.com/people/guillermo-endara","en":"https://diginpl.com/people/guillermo-endara","ne":"https://diginpl.com/people/guillermo-endara?lang=ne"}}