{"id":"francisco-garcia-calderon","type":"person","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/francisco-garcia-calderon","language":"en","name":"Francisco García Calderón","name_en":"Francisco García Calderón","name_ne":null,"description":"President of Peru (1834–1905)","headline":"President of Peru (1834–1905)","also_known_as":[],"summary":"Francisco García Calderón Landa was a lawyer and Provisional President of the Republic of Peru for a short seven-month period in 1881, during the War of the Pacific. García Calderón was a key figure in the final peace accords between Peru and Chile. Later in post-presidential career, in 1892, he was commissioned to arbitrate land disputes between Peru and Ecuador, which centered on the contested provinces of Mainas, Jaén and Tumbes. He was an academic as well, having authored a comprehensive history of the previously mentioned contested provinces, as well as a monograph on Peruvian legislation titled, Diccionario de la Legislación Peruana.","summary_more":[],"facts":[{"key":"born","label":"Born","values":[{"text":"2 April 1834","date":"1834-04-02"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2361219#P569"}},{"key":"birthplace","label":"Place of birth","values":[{"text":"Arequipa","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159273"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2361219#P19"}},{"key":"died","label":"Died","values":[{"text":"21 September 1905","date":"1905-09-21"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2361219#P570"}},{"key":"deathplace","label":"Place of death","values":[{"text":"Lima","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2868"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2361219#P20"}},{"key":"citizenship","label":"Citizenship","values":[{"text":"Peru","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2361219#P27"}},{"key":"occupation","label":"Occupation","values":[{"text":"politician","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82955"},{"text":"jurist","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185351"},{"text":"lawyer","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40348"},{"text":"university teacher","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622272"},{"text":"banker","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q806798"},{"text":"diplomat","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193391"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2361219#P106"}},{"key":"education","label":"Education","values":[{"text":"National University of St Augustin of Arequipa","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5576631"},{"text":"National University of San Marcos","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270145"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2361219#P69"}},{"key":"positions","label":"Positions held","values":[{"text":"President of Peru (12 March 1881 – 28 September 1881)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5708511","start":"1881-03-12","end":"1881-09-28"},{"text":"president of the Congress of the Republic of Peru","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5655405"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2361219#P39"}}],"office":null,"sections":[],"cited":[],"cited_from":null,"videos":[],"last_reviewed":null,"organizations":[],"same_as":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Garc%C3%ADa_Calder%C3%B3n","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2361219"],"faq":[{"q":"When was Francisco García Calderón born?","a":"Francisco García Calderón was born on 2 April 1834 in Arequipa."},{"q":"What positions has Francisco García Calderón held?","a":"Positions held by Francisco García Calderón include: President of Peru (1881–1881); president of the Congress of the Republic of Peru."},{"q":"Where did Francisco García Calderón study?","a":"Francisco García Calderón was educated at National University of St Augustin of Arequipa, National University of San Marcos."}],"related":[{"name":"Simón Bolívar","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/simon-bolivar"},{"name":"Francisco Morales Bermúdez","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/francisco-morales-bermudez"},{"name":"Nicolás Lindley López","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/nicolas-lindley-lopez"},{"name":"Manuel Prado Ugarteche","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/manuel-prado-ugarteche"},{"name":"Fernando Belaúnde","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/fernando-belaunde"},{"name":"Ollanta Humala","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/ollanta-humala"},{"name":"Valentín Paniagua","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/valentin-paniagua"},{"name":"José Jerí","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/jose-jeri"},{"name":"José María Balcázar","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/jose-maria-balcazar"},{"name":"Francisco Sagasti","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/francisco-sagasti"},{"name":"Manuel Merino","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/manuel-merino"}],"places_in":[],"nearby":[],"image":{"url":"https://diginpl.com/kb-img/francisco-garcia-calderon-f722f5e736.jpg","width":499,"height":658,"license":"Public domain","credit":null,"page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Garcia_Calderon.jpg"},"sources":[{"label":"Wikipedia (English): Francisco García Calderón","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Garc%C3%ADa_Calder%C3%B3n","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},{"label":"Wikidata item Q2361219","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2361219","license":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},{"label":"Image: Garcia Calderon.jpg (Public domain)","url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Garcia_Calderon.jpg","license":null}],"license":{"text":"CC BY-SA 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","facts":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},"attribution":"Text from the Wikipedia article Francisco García Calderón, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. This page's text is shared under the same licence. Facts from Wikidata (CC0). Image: Garcia Calderon.jpg, Public domain.","cite":"\"Francisco García Calderón\". DigiNepal. Last updated 5 November 2026. https://diginpl.com/people/francisco-garcia-calderon. Retrieved 7 November 2026.","date_modified":"2026-11-05T08:55:08Z","facts_checked":"2026-11-07","alternates":{"html":"https://diginpl.com/people/francisco-garcia-calderon","en":"https://diginpl.com/people/francisco-garcia-calderon","ne":null}}