# Floriano Peixoto

_Brazilian politician (1839-1895)_

Canonical: https://diginpl.com/people/floriano-peixoto
Last updated: 2026-10-31

> Floriano Vieira Peixoto (Brazilian Portuguese: [floɾiˈɐ̃nu viˈe(j)ɾɐ pe(j)ˈʃotu]; 30 April 1839 – 29 June 1895), was a Brazilian military officer and politician who served as the second president of Brazil from 1891 to 1894, being the first vice president of Brazil to have succeeded the president mid-term. Previously, from February to November 1891, he served as the first vice president of Brazil. His administration encompasses the greater part of the period in Brazilian history known as the "Republic of the Sword". A veteran of the Paraguayan War and several other conflicts in Brazil, Peixoto was nicknamed "The Iron Marshal" or "Consolidator of the Republic".

## Quick facts

- **Born:** 30 April 1839 ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238688#P569))
- **Place of birth:** Maceió ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238688#P19))
- **Died:** 29 July 1895 ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238688#P570))
- **Place of death:** Rio de Janeiro ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238688#P20))
- **Citizenship:** Brazil ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238688#P27))
- **Occupation:** politician ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238688#P106))
- **Political party:** independent politician ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238688#P102))
- **Education:** Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238688#P69))
- **Spouse:** Josina Peixoto ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238688#P26))
- **Positions held:** President of Brazil (23 November 1891 – 15 November 1894); Vice President of the Federative Republic of Brazil (26 February 1891 – 23 November 1891); President of the Federal Senate of Brazil (26 February 1891 – 23 November 1891); Alagoas senator (1890–1891); provincial president of Brazil ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238688#P39))

## About

Born in the province of Alagoas, he moved to Rio de Janeiro at the age of sixteen to complete his secondary education. In 1858, he entered the Military School of Rio de Janeiro, graduating as a second lieutenant in 1861. As a member—and later commander—of the 1st Battalion of Homeland Volunteers during the Paraguayan War, he took part in key episodes of the conflict, including the battles of Tuyutí, Ytororó, Lomas Valentinas, and Angostura. In 1870, he returned to the capital and earned a bachelor's degree in physical and mathematical sciences. In 1884, he assumed the position of president of the province of Mato Grosso, serving for just over a year. He was an active participant in the Proclamation of the Republic, refusing to lead the imperial resistance against the republican coup d'état. Having risen to the highest rank in the Brazilian Army, he became Minister of War in 1890. Elected vice president in February 1891, he assumed the presidency of Brazil in November of the same year, following the resignation of the incumbent president, Deodoro da Fonseca, amidst a severe political crisis.

His administration was marked by an intense climate of rebellion, authoritarianism, and republican radicalism. In 1892,…

## Questions

**When was Floriano Peixoto born?**  
Floriano Peixoto was born on 30 April 1839 in Maceió.

**What positions has Floriano Peixoto held?**  
Positions held by Floriano Peixoto include: President of Brazil (1891–1894); Vice President of the Federative Republic of Brazil (1891–1891); President of the Federal Senate of Brazil (1891–1891); Alagoas senator (1890–1891); provincial president of Brazil.

**Where did Floriano Peixoto study?**  
Floriano Peixoto was educated at Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras.

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## Sources

- [Wikipedia (English): Floriano Peixoto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floriano_Peixoto) — [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)
- [Wikidata item Q238688](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238688) — [CC0 1.0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/)
- [Image: Florianovieirapeixoto.jpg by Unknown author Unknown author (Public domain)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Florianovieirapeixoto.jpg)

## Licence and attribution

Text from the Wikipedia article Floriano Peixoto, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. This page's text is shared under the same licence. Facts from Wikidata (CC0). Image: Florianovieirapeixoto.jpg — Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain.

## Cite this page

"Floriano Peixoto". DigiNepal. Last updated 31 October 2026. https://diginpl.com/people/floriano-peixoto. Retrieved 6 November 2026.