{"id":"edouard-gruner","type":"person","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/edouard-gruner","language":"en","name":"Édouard Gruner","name_en":"Édouard Gruner","name_ne":null,"description":"French engineer (1849-1933)","headline":"French engineer (1849-1933)","also_known_as":[],"summary":"Édouard Emmanuel Gruner was a French civil engineer and industrialist.\nHe trained as a mining engineer, and soon became a senior administrator or president of various steel and mining enterprises.\nHe headed the central committee of coal mining companies from 1907, and was first president of the Protestant Federation of France.\nHe was active in the social Protestant movement, believing that employers had responsibility for the welfare of workers, and should not just delegate this to the state.","summary_more":[],"facts":[{"key":"born","label":"Born","values":[{"text":"16 June 1849","date":"1849-06-16"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3579870#P569"}},{"key":"birthplace","label":"Place of birth","values":[{"text":"Poitiers","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6616"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3579870#P19"}},{"key":"died","label":"Died","values":[{"text":"21 July 1933","date":"1933-07-21"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3579870#P570"}},{"key":"deathplace","label":"Place of death","values":[{"text":"Breux-Jouy","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599179"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3579870#P20"}},{"key":"citizenship","label":"Citizenship","values":[{"text":"France","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q142"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3579870#P27"}},{"key":"occupation","label":"Occupation","values":[{"text":"Civil ingeneer (Paris School of Mines)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3151021"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3579870#P106"}},{"key":"education","label":"Education","values":[{"text":"École polytechnique","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273626"},{"text":"Mines ParisTech","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1189954"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3579870#P69"}},{"key":"positions","label":"Positions held","values":[{"text":"president (1920–1920)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30461","start":"1920-01","end":"1920-12"},{"text":"president (1917–1933)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255921","start":"1917","end":"1933"},{"text":"president (1907–1909)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255921","start":"1907","end":"1909"},{"text":"president (1905–1927)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255921","start":"1905","end":"1927"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3579870#P39"}},{"key":"awards","label":"Awards","values":[{"text":"Officer of the Legion of Honour","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10855195","date":"1901"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3579870#P166"}}],"office":null,"sections":[],"cited":[],"cited_from":null,"videos":[],"last_reviewed":null,"organizations":[],"same_as":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Gruner","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3579870"],"faq":[{"q":"When was Édouard Gruner born?","a":"Édouard Gruner was born on 16 June 1849 in Poitiers."},{"q":"What positions has Édouard Gruner held?","a":"Positions held by Édouard Gruner include: president (1920–1920); president (1917–1933); president (1907–1909); president (1905–1927)."},{"q":"Where did Édouard Gruner study?","a":"Édouard Gruner was educated at École polytechnique, Mines ParisTech."}],"related":[{"name":"Hosni Mubarak","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/hosni-mubarak"},{"name":"Gamal Abdel Nasser","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/gamal-abdel-nasser"},{"name":"Mohamed Morsi","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/mohamed-morsi"},{"name":"Mohamed Naguib","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/mohamed-naguib"},{"name":"Abdul Rahman Arif","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/abdul-rahman-arif"},{"name":"Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/muhammad-najib-ar-ruba-i"},{"name":"Donald Trump","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/donald-trump"},{"name":"Ronald Reagan","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/ronald-reagan"},{"name":"Abraham Lincoln","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/abraham-lincoln"},{"name":"George W. Bush","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/george-w-bush"},{"name":"Mustafa Kemal Atatürk","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/mustafa-kemal-ataturk"},{"name":"Franklin D. Roosevelt","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/franklin-d-roosevelt"}],"places_in":[],"nearby":[],"image":null,"sources":[{"label":"Wikipedia (English): Édouard Gruner","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Gruner","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},{"label":"Wikidata item Q3579870","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3579870","license":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"}],"license":{"text":"CC BY-SA 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","facts":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},"attribution":"Text from the Wikipedia article Édouard Gruner, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. This page's text is shared under the same licence. Facts from Wikidata (CC0).","cite":"\"Édouard Gruner\". DigiNepal. Last updated 31 October 2026. https://diginpl.com/people/edouard-gruner. Retrieved 5 November 2026.","date_modified":"2026-10-31T06:28:20Z","facts_checked":"2026-11-05","alternates":{"html":"https://diginpl.com/people/edouard-gruner","en":"https://diginpl.com/people/edouard-gruner","ne":"https://diginpl.com/people/edouard-gruner?lang=ne"}}