{"id":"abd-al-rahman-iii","type":"person","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/abd-al-rahman-iii","language":"en","name":"Abd al-Rahman III","name_en":"Abd al-Rahman III","name_ne":null,"description":"Final Emir of Córdoba (r. 912–929); founder and 1st Caliph of Córdoba (r. 929–961)","headline":"Final Emir of Córdoba (r. 912–929); founder and 1st Caliph of Córdoba (r. 929–961)","also_known_as":[],"summary":"ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Ḥakam ibn Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Marwānī al-Umawī al-Qurashī (Arabic: عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن عبد الله بن محمد بن عبد الرحمن بن الحكم بن هشام بن عبد الرحمن المرواني، الأموي، القرشي; 890–961), or simply ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III, was the eighth and final Emir of Córdoba from 912 to 929. In 929, he elevated the emirate to the Caliphate of Córdoba, serving as its first caliph until his death.  Abd al-Rahman won the laqab (sobriquet) al-Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāh (lit. 'the Defender of God's Faith') in his early 20s when he supported the Maghrawa Berbers in North Africa against Fatimid expansion and later claimed the title of Caliph for himself. His half-century reign was known for its religious tolerance.","summary_more":["Domestically, Abd al-Rahman crushed internal rebellions and constructed the palace-city of Medina Azahara. Northern Christian kingdoms engaged him in military conflict, such as at the Battle of Valdejunquera and the Battle of Simancas, before ultimately submitting to his diplomatic supremacy by the end of his reign, leading neighboring Christian rulers to pay him homage."],"facts":[{"key":"born","label":"Born","values":[{"text":"7 January 891","date":"0891-01-07"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190418#P569"}},{"key":"birthplace","label":"Place of birth","values":[{"text":"Córdoba","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5818"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190418#P19"}},{"key":"died","label":"Died","values":[{"text":"15 October 961","date":"0961-10-15"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190418#P570"}},{"key":"deathplace","label":"Place of death","values":[{"text":"Córdoba","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5818"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190418#P20"}},{"key":"citizenship","label":"Citizenship","values":[{"text":"Emirate of Córdoba","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1337854"},{"text":"Caliphate of Córdoba","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171740"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190418#P27"}},{"key":"occupation","label":"Occupation","values":[{"text":"politician","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82955"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190418#P106"}},{"key":"positions","label":"Positions held","values":[{"text":"caliph of Córdoba (16 January 929 – 15 October 961)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15057711","start":"0929-01-16","end":"0961-10-15"},{"text":"emir of Cordoba (21 October 912 – 16 January 929)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14565744","start":"0912-10-21","end":"0929-01-16"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190418#P39"}}],"office":null,"sections":[],"cited":[],"cited_from":null,"videos":[],"last_reviewed":null,"organizations":[],"same_as":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_al-Rahman_III","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190418"],"faq":[{"q":"When was Abd al-Rahman III born?","a":"Abd al-Rahman III was born on 7 January 891 in Córdoba."},{"q":"What positions has Abd al-Rahman III held?","a":"Positions held by Abd al-Rahman III include: caliph of Córdoba (0929–0961); emir of Cordoba (0912–0929)."}],"related":[{"name":"Hisham II of Córdoba","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/hisham-ii-of-cordoba"},{"name":"Al-Hakam II","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/al-hakam-ii"},{"name":"Al-Qasim al-Ma'mun","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/al-qasim-al-ma-mun"},{"name":"Abd al-Rahman IV","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/abd-al-rahman-iv"},{"name":"Abd al-Rahman V","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/abd-al-rahman-v"},{"name":"Ali ibn Hammud al-Nasir","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/ali-ibn-hammud-al-nasir"},{"name":"Abd al-Rahman I","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/abd-al-rahman-i"},{"name":"Al-Hakam I","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/al-hakam-i"},{"name":"Muhammad I of Córdoba","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/muhammad-i-of-cordoba"},{"name":"Al-Mundhir of Córdoba","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/al-mundhir-of-cordoba"},{"name":"Abd ar-Rahman II","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/abd-ar-rahman-ii"},{"name":"Hisham I of Córdoba","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/hisham-i-of-cordoba"}],"places_in":[],"nearby":[],"image":{"url":"https://diginpl.com/kb-img/abd-al-rahman-iii-82bd543ee2.jpg","width":500,"height":504,"license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","credit":"Rowanwindwhistler","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AtaiforDeGuadalajara-9100538_(cropped).jpg"},"sources":[{"label":"Wikipedia (English): Abd al-Rahman III","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd_al-Rahman_III","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},{"label":"Wikidata item Q190418","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190418","license":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},{"label":"Image: AtaiforDeGuadalajara-9100538 (cropped).jpg by Rowanwindwhistler (CC BY-SA 4.0)","url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AtaiforDeGuadalajara-9100538_(cropped).jpg","license":null}],"license":{"text":"CC BY-SA 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","facts":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},"attribution":"Text from the Wikipedia article Abd al-Rahman III, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. This page's text is shared under the same licence. Facts from Wikidata (CC0). Image: AtaiforDeGuadalajara-9100538 (cropped).jpg — Rowanwindwhistler, CC BY-SA 4.0.","cite":"\"Abd al-Rahman III\". DigiNepal. Last updated 31 October 2026. https://diginpl.com/people/abd-al-rahman-iii. Retrieved 6 November 2026.","date_modified":"2026-10-31T12:00:53Z","facts_checked":"2026-11-05","alternates":{"html":"https://diginpl.com/people/abd-al-rahman-iii","en":"https://diginpl.com/people/abd-al-rahman-iii","ne":"https://diginpl.com/people/abd-al-rahman-iii?lang=ne"}}