{"id":"a-n-r-robinson","type":"person","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/a-n-r-robinson","language":"en","name":"A. N. R. Robinson","name_en":"A. N. R. Robinson","name_ne":null,"description":"President and Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1926-2014)","headline":"President and Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1926-2014)","also_known_as":[],"summary":"Arthur Napoleon Raymond Robinson, was a Trinidad and Tobago politician who served as the third President of Trinidad and Tobago from 1997 to 2003 and the third Prime Minister from 1986 to 1991. He is known for his resilience within the government, resigning from Eric Williams’ administration in 1970 promoted by the State of Emergency imposed on Black Power protests, and is recognized for his proposal that led to the establishment of the International Criminal Court. He is also remembered for being held hostage during the 1990 Jamaat al Muslimeen coup attempt, during which he ordered the army to “attack with full force” while being held at gunpoint.","summary_more":[],"facts":[{"key":"born","label":"Born","values":[{"text":"16 December 1926","date":"1926-12-16"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634551#P569"}},{"key":"birthplace","label":"Place of birth","values":[{"text":"Scarborough","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q966660"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634551#P19"}},{"key":"died","label":"Died","values":[{"text":"9 April 2014","date":"2014-04-09"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634551#P570"}},{"key":"deathplace","label":"Place of death","values":[{"text":"Port of Spain","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39178"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634551#P20"}},{"key":"citizenship","label":"Citizenship","values":[{"text":"Trinidad and Tobago","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634551#P27"}},{"key":"occupation","label":"Occupation","values":[{"text":"politician","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82955"},{"text":"lawyer","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40348"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634551#P106"}},{"key":"party","label":"Political party","values":[{"text":"National Alliance for Reconstruction (1986–1997)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6970302","start":"1986","end":"1997"},{"text":"Democratic Action Congress (1971–1986)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255537","start":"1971","end":"1986"},{"text":"People's National Movement (1955–1970)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3326740","start":"1955","end":"1970"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634551#P102"}},{"key":"education","label":"Education","values":[{"text":"University of London","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170027"},{"text":"University of Oxford","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34433"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634551#P69"}},{"key":"spouse","label":"Spouse","values":[{"text":"Patricia Robinson","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7145811"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634551#P26"}},{"key":"positions","label":"Positions held","values":[{"text":"President of Trinidad and Tobago (18 March 1997 – 16 March 2003)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2522739","start":"1997-03-18","end":"2003-03-16"},{"text":"Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (18 December 1986 – 17 December 1991)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20530301","start":"1986-12-18","end":"1991-12-17"},{"text":"Member of the House of Representatives of Trinidad and Tobago","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18719159"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634551#P39"}},{"key":"awards","label":"Awards","values":[{"text":"Order of the Liberator","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2452975"},{"text":"Order of Vasco Núñez de Balboa","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3885425"},{"text":"Order of Orange-Nassau","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139425"}],"source":{"label":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634551#P166"}}],"office":null,"sections":[],"cited":[],"cited_from":null,"videos":[],"last_reviewed":null,"organizations":[],"same_as":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._N._R._Robinson","https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634551"],"faq":[{"q":"When was A. N. R. Robinson born?","a":"A. N. R. Robinson was born on 16 December 1926 in Scarborough."},{"q":"What positions has A. N. R. Robinson held?","a":"Positions held by A. N. R. Robinson include: President of Trinidad and Tobago (1997–2003); Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1986–1991); Member of the House of Representatives of Trinidad and Tobago."},{"q":"Where did A. N. R. Robinson study?","a":"A. N. R. Robinson was educated at University of London, University of Oxford."}],"related":[{"name":"George Maxwell Richards","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/george-maxwell-richards"},{"name":"Michael J. Williams","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/michael-j-williams"},{"name":"Ellis Clarke","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/ellis-clarke"},{"name":"Noor Hassanali","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/noor-hassanali"},{"name":"Anthony Carmona","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/anthony-carmona"},{"name":"Paula-Mae Weekes","url":"https://diginpl.com/people/paula-mae-weekes"}],"places_in":[],"nearby":[],"image":{"url":"https://diginpl.com/kb-img/a-n-r-robinson-81cd36c993.jpg","width":258,"height":546,"license":"Public domain","credit":"Samnanton","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A._N._R._Robinson.jpg"},"sources":[{"label":"Wikipedia (English): A. N. R. Robinson","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._N._R._Robinson","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},{"label":"Wikidata item Q634551","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634551","license":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},{"label":"Image: A. N. R. Robinson.jpg by Samnanton (Public domain)","url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A._N._R._Robinson.jpg","license":null}],"license":{"text":"CC BY-SA 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","facts":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/"},"attribution":"Text from the Wikipedia article A. N. R. Robinson, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. This page's text is shared under the same licence. Facts from Wikidata (CC0). Image: A. N. R. Robinson.jpg — Samnanton, Public domain.","cite":"\"A. N. R. Robinson\". DigiNepal. Last updated 9 November 2026. https://diginpl.com/people/a-n-r-robinson. Retrieved 9 November 2026.","date_modified":"2026-11-09T06:51:08Z","facts_checked":"2026-11-09","alternates":{"html":"https://diginpl.com/people/a-n-r-robinson","en":"https://diginpl.com/people/a-n-r-robinson","ne":null}}